ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana i kau ʻia ma nā mīkini o MTZ (Belarus) tractors he kāʻei kāʻei maʻamau e pili ana i kahi V-belt.E heluhelu i nā mea a pau e pili ana i nā kāʻei MTZ, nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā, nā ʻano, nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka hoʻopili ʻana, a me kā lākou koho kūpono a me ka hoʻololi.
He aha ke kāʻei MTZ?
ʻO ke kāʻei MTZ - nā kāʻei ʻōpala pau ʻole o ka ʻāpana kuʻekuʻe, i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻouna i ka torque mai ka crankshaft i nā pulleys o nā ʻāpana i kau ʻia o nā mīkini tractor i hana ʻia e ka Minsk Tractor Plant (MTZ, Belarus).
Ma ke kumu o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka V-belt, kūkulu ʻia nā drive o nā mea hana like ʻole, pono e hana i ka wā e holo ana ka ʻenekini: ʻo ka paila wai, ka mea hoʻomaha hoʻomaha, ka uila uila, ka pneumatic compressor a me ka air conditioner compressor.Hoʻokō ʻia ke kāʻei kāʻei ma o nā pulleys i kau ʻia ma ka crankshaft engine a me nā kumu o nā ʻāpana, a me kahi kāʻei wili o ka profile kūpono a me ka lōʻihi.He mea maʻalahi a hilinaʻi kēia kaʻa, akā pili ke kāʻei i ka lole a me ka pōʻino, no laila pono e hoʻololi pinepine ʻia.No ke koho pololei o ke kāʻei, pono e ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻano o kēia mau huahana i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā tractors MTZ, ko lākou ʻano a me ka hoʻopili.
Nā ʻano, nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kāʻei MTZ
Ma nā ʻāpana mana o nā mea hana o ka mea kanu Minsk, hoʻohana ʻia nā kāʻei kāpili maʻamau, ʻokoʻa i ka cross-section, profile, ʻano o ke kaula, ka nui a me ka pono.
ʻO nā kāʻei a pau he hoʻolālā maʻamau.Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou ma kahi ʻāpana haʻahaʻa - cordcord, i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke kino o ke kāʻei i hana ʻia me ka vulcanized rubber ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole, a pale ʻia ka ʻili o waho e kahi lole wili.E like me ke ʻano o ka papa lawe ukana, ua māhele ʻia nā kāʻei i ʻelua pūʻulu:
● Me ke kaula polyamide (nylon);
● Me ke kaula polyester.
ʻO nā kāʻei MTZ he mau kāʻei V - ʻo kā lākou ʻāpana keʻa he wili me kahi kumu ākea ākea a i ʻole convex iki a me kahi kumu haiki pololei.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā huahana i ʻelua ʻano e like me ka ratio o ka laulā a me ke kiʻekiʻe:
● Type I - nā kāʻei o ka ʻāpana kūiki;
● Type II - nā kāʻei o ke keʻa maʻamau.
Eia kekahi, hiki i nā huahana o nā ʻāpana ʻelua ke loaʻa kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa (ke ʻano o ke kumu haiki):
● kāʻei maʻemaʻe - me kahi kumu haiki pololei;
● Kāʻei manawa - hana ʻia nā niho wiliwili ma kahi kumu haiki.
Hoʻolālā kāʻei V
ʻOi aku ka elastic o nā kāʻei manawa a he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka hilinaʻi o ke kāʻei kāʻei.Eia nō naʻe, i loko o ke kino o nā kāʻei maʻemaʻe, ua māhele like ʻia nā ukana, no laila ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kūlana me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ukana mechanical a me ka wela.
Hoʻohana nā trak MTZ i nā kāʻei ākea ākea, i māhele ʻia i nā pūʻulu e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana:
● No nā tractors me nā ʻenekini o nā laina D-242, D-243, D-245 (nā hiʻohiʻona mua a me kēia manawa MTZ-80/82, 100/102, nā hiʻohiʻona kumu Belarus-550, 900, 1025, 1220.1);
● No nā tractors me nā ʻenekini o nā laina D-260, D-265 (nā kumu hoʻohālike Belarus-1221, 1502, 1523, 2022);
● No nā tractors me nā mīkini Lombardini (nā kumu hoʻohālike Belarus-320, 622).
Wahi a ke kumu, ua māhele ʻia nā kāʻei i nā ʻano ʻano:
● Pume wai (kāʻei me ka pauku kea o 16 × 11 mm, he lōʻihi o 1220 mm, laumania);
● Pum wai a me ka peʻahi holo (kāʻei me ka pauku kea o 11×10 mm, 1250 mm laumania, a me ka niho);
● Pneumatic compressor drive (kāʻei me ka pauku kea o 11 × 10 mm, lōʻihi o 1250 mm laumania a me ka niho, kāʻei me ke keʻa pauku o 11x10 me ka lōʻihi o 875 mm toothed no Lombardini engines);
● Ke kaʻa o ka air conditioner compressor (kāʻei me ke keʻa pauku o 11 × 10 mm, he lōʻihi o 1650 mm);
● Generator kipaku (kāʻei me ke kea pauku o 11 × 10 mm, lōʻihi 1180 mm laumania a me ka niho, kāʻei me ke keʻa pauku o 11×10 mm, lōʻihi 1150 mm toothed, kāʻei me ke kea pauku o 11×10 mm, lōʻihi 975 mm niho no nā ʻenekini Lombardini).
Hōʻike ʻia nā kāʻei kaulana loa i nā ʻano ʻelua - ʻoluʻolu a me nā niho, me kahi hoʻolālā climatic ʻē aʻe.Hoʻolālā ʻia nā kāʻei manawa no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma nā wahi me nā ʻano wela a me ke anuanu (nā ʻano "T" a me "U" o nā ʻano like ʻole me ka mahana hana a hiki i + 60 ° C), a me nā kāʻei maʻemaʻe - no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma nā wahi āpau, me kēlā me nā piʻi anuanu (version "HL" o nā ʻano like ʻole, me kahi mahana hana a hiki i -60 ° C).Pono e noʻonoʻo kēia i ke koho ʻana i kahi kāʻei hou.
Maʻaneʻi mākou eʻike aiʻo nā kāʻei MTZ a pau i kapaʻia he mau kāʻei fan e kūpono i nā koi o GOST 5813-2015 (a me kāna mau mana mua).ʻAʻole pono e huikau ka inoa "fan" - he mau kāʻei hoʻokele honua kēia i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā drive o nā ʻāpana like ʻole.
Hiki i ke kāʻei kāʻei o nā ʻenekini i kau ʻia ma ka lālani hoʻokahi a me ka lālani pālua.I ka hihia mua, hoʻokahi wale nō V-pulley a me kahi kaʻa ma ke kāʻei hoʻokahi.I ka lua o ka hihia, ua kau ʻia kahi pulley ʻelua (ʻelua-strand) ma ka ʻāpana a me ka crankshaft, kahi i hala ʻia ai ʻelua mau kāʻei V.ʻOi aku ka hilinaʻi o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka V-belt pālua, ʻo kēia kau ʻana o nā kāʻei e pale iā lākou mai ka wili a hoʻemi i ka hiki ke paheʻe i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai i ka mīkini a me nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.I kēia lā, ma nā ʻenekini like ʻole, i lako me nā tractors MTZ, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā koho kaʻa ʻelua.
Nā pilikia o ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kāʻei MTZ
Hōʻike ʻia nā kāʻei V i nā hopena o ke kaiapuni (ʻoi loa i nā tractors MTZ o nā pae hiʻohiʻona 80, 320, 422, 550, 622, 1025, 1221 me kā lākou ʻāpana ʻenekini wehe ʻia), nā wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā ukana mechanical nui, no laila, i ka wā lōʻihi, lilo lākou i pohā. , kikoo, exfoliated a ho'ōki i ka hana i kā lākou mau hana.I kēia mau hihia a pau, pono e hoʻololi i ke kāʻei.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī loa ke koho ʻana i kahi kāʻei no kahi tractor - pono e loaʻa i ka huahana hou ka ʻāpana like a me ka lōʻihi e like me ka mea kahiko.ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā kāʻei ma ko lākou ʻano hana ʻole (ākea), hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kāʻei mai nā kuhikuhi a i ʻole ka papa inoa o nā ʻāpana ʻāpana no ka mīkini a tractor paha.Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo nā huahana me kahi ʻāpana keʻa o 11 × 10 mm he mau kāʻei me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi (type I), nā huahana me kahi ʻāpana o 16 × 11 he mau kāʻei me kahi ʻāpana maʻamau (type II), a ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi.No laila, inā makemake ʻoe i kahi kāʻei kaʻa no ka paila wai o ka mīkini D-242, a laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kāʻei like mai ka engine D-260 ma kona wahi, a ʻo ka hope.
Inā hoʻohana ka ʻenekini i kahi kaʻa V-belt ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻololi i nā kāʻei ʻelua i ka manawa hoʻokahi, i ʻole e lilo koke ke kāʻei kahiko i loko o ka lua i kumu pilikia.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano o nā kāʻei alternator a me ka pā wai o ka mīkini D-260.
Pono e uku nui ʻia i ke koho ʻana i nā kāʻei no nā tractors e like me nā kūlana climatic o kā lākou wahi makemake o ka hana.No nā mea hana e hana ana i ke anuanu, nā kāʻei maʻemaʻe wale nō i ka mana "HL" kūpono.ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kāʻei manawa ma ke ʻano "T" a i ʻole "U" i ka hoʻoilo hiki ke hōʻeha - ʻo ia kāʻei e lilo i ʻoʻoleʻa i ke anuanu, nā māwae a hāʻule me nā ukana liʻiliʻi.No nā tractors i hana ʻia ma nā wahi me kahi mahana wela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kāʻei i ka hoʻolālā tropical, me nā niho niho - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka wela a loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻonui ʻana, ka mea e pale ai i kā lākou elongation nui i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe.
Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kāʻei ma nā tractors MTZ - i ka hapanui o nā hihia, pono e hōʻemi i kona ʻāʻī ʻana ma ka wehe ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ʻāpana (ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka generator) a i ʻole ka mea hoʻonaninani, e wehe i ke kāʻei kahiko, e kau i kahi mea hou. hoʻoponopono i ka haʻalulu.Pono ke kāʻei hou i ka ʻāʻī i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea hana mīkini a kuhikuhi ʻia i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi pili.No ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa kāʻei kūpono, ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi mea kūikawā me kahi dynamometer.ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka hoʻoponopono "ma ka maka" - me ka haʻalulu nāwaliwali, e paheʻe nā kāʻei (ʻo ia ka mea ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia no kekahi mau ʻāpana, no ka laʻana, no ka paila wai, no ka mea, e wela ka ʻenekini i kēia hihia) a luhi ikaika, a me ka ʻo ke kāʻei ikaika, e kikoo a kōkua ke kāʻei i ke kāʻei ikaika o nā bearings a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o nā ʻāpana.
ʻO ke koho kūpono, hoʻonohonoho a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kāʻei kaʻa MTZ ke kī i ka hana pono o ka mīkini a me ka tractor holoʻokoʻa i nā kūlana.
Paʻi paipu hoʻoheheʻe tubular
Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana tubular ma ke ʻano o kahi paipu pōkole me kahi ʻoki longitudinal (a i ʻole ʻelua mau paipu māhele i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kekahi) me nā ʻāpana ʻelua ma nā ʻaoʻao.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano clamp no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā paipu i ka hopena a me ka overlap, e hōʻoia ana i ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa o ka hoʻokomo ʻana.
Hoʻopili paʻa
Hoʻohana ʻia nā paʻi kauʻi e kau ai i ka ʻōpala a me kāna mau ʻāpana ma lalo o ke kiʻi / kino o ke kaʻa.ʻO kā lākou helu i ka ʻōnaehana mai hoʻokahi a ʻekolu a ʻoi aku paha.ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui kēia mau puʻupuʻu muffler:
- Hoʻokaʻawale i nā kīʻaha o nā ʻano a me nā ʻano like ʻole;
- ʻElua ʻāpana hiki ke wehe;
- Nā ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana ʻelua ʻāpana hiki ke wehe.
ʻO nā brackets Split ka mea maʻalahi loa a me nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kau ʻana i nā paipu, nā muffler a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopau i nā mea lawe ukana.I ka hihia maʻalahi, ua hana ʻia ka pāpaʻi ma ke ʻano o kahi bracket tape o kahi ʻaoʻao pōʻai me nā eyelets no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana me ka screw (bolt).Hiki i nā staples ke ʻokoʻa a ākea, i ka hihia hope loaʻa iā lākou ka stiffener longitudinal a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā wili ʻelua.ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hana ʻia kēlā mau brackets ma ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana U-shaped a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o ka ʻaoʻao pōʻai me nā eyelets i hoʻonui ʻia i ka lōʻihi - me kā lākou kōkua, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana exhaust mai ke kiʻi / kino ma kahi mamao.
Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke ʻano o ʻelua ʻāpana i ke ʻano o nā lipine a i ʻole nā ʻāpana, ʻelua mau maka o kēlā me kēia no ke kau ʻana me nā wili (bolts).Me ke kōkua o nā huahana o kēia ʻano, hiki ke hoʻokomo i nā muffler a me nā paipu ma nā wahi paʻakikī a i ʻole kahi paʻakikī e hoʻokomo i nā brackets maʻamau.
ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana ʻelua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o nā ʻano clamps mua, ua hana ʻia ko lākou ʻaoʻao luna ma ke ʻano o kahi bracket hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia i kau ʻia ma ke kiʻi / kino o ke kaʻa.
ʻO nā pipili āpau
Aia kēia pūʻulu o nā huahana i nā clamps, staples, hiki ke pāʻani i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana - hāʻawi lākou i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā paipu a ma ka manawa like e paʻa i ka hale holoʻokoʻa ma ke kiʻi / kino o ke kaʻa.
Hoʻolālā i nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā puʻupuʻu muffler
Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana me nā kila o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole - ʻoi aku ka nui o ke ʻano, ka liʻiliʻi pinepine - mai ka alloyed (stainless steel), no ka pale hou hiki ke galvanized a i ʻole nickel plated / chrome plated (chemical or galvanic).Hoʻohana like ʻia i nā ʻūlū/bolts e hele mai me nā pipili.
Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, hana ʻia nā clamps ma ke kahakaha ʻana mai nā billet kila (tapes).Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole o nā clamps, e like me ke ʻano maʻamau a ʻaʻole maʻamau o nā anawaena paipu.ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā mufflers, ma ke ʻano he kūlana paʻakikī (oval, me nā protrusions), e pili ana i ka ʻāpana o ka muffler, resonator a mea hoʻololi paha o ke kaʻa.Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau mea i ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻāpana hou no ke kaʻa.
ʻO nā pilikia o ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu muffler
Hoʻohana nā clamps i nā kūlana paʻakikī, e ʻike mau i ka hoʻomehana nui a me nā loli wela, ka ʻike ʻana i nā kinoea hoʻopau, a me ka wai, ka lepo a me nā mea hoʻohui kemika (paʻakai mai ke alanui a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).No laila, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻaʻole nalo ka ikaika a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hōʻino paha i ka pono o ka ʻōpala.I ka wā o ka haki ʻana, pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka clamp, ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi e hoʻololi i kēia mau ʻāpana i ka wā e hoʻololi ai i nā ʻāpana pākahi a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopau holoʻokoʻa o ke kaʻa.
Pono e koho ʻia ka puʻupuʻu muffler e like me kāna kumu a me ke anawaena o nā paipu / mufflers e hoʻopili ʻia.Ma ke kūpono, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi clamp o ke ʻano like a me ka helu helu helu i kau ʻia ma ke kaʻa ma mua.Eia nō naʻe, i nā manawa he nui, ʻae ʻia kahi pani e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana.No ka laʻana, he mea kūpono ke hoʻololi i ka ʻāpana stepladder me kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana hoʻokahi - e hāʻawi i ka paʻa paʻa a hoʻonui i ka ikaika hoʻonohonoho.Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi - no ka laʻana, hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi i kahi ʻāpana ʻelua i hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana hope o nā paipu pili.
Ke koho ʻana i nā clamps, pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou hoʻonohonoho.ʻO ka pāpaʻi stepladder ka mea maʻalahi loa e hoʻokomo - hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā paipu i hui mua ʻia, no ka mea, ua hemo ka stepladder mai ka crossbar a laila hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā nati.He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia no nā ʻāpana ʻelua.A no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i hoʻokahi ʻāpana ʻāpana a i ʻole nā tubular clamps, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā paipu, hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpala a laila hoʻokomo ʻia.Hiki mai kekahi mau pilikia i ka wā e hoʻokomo ai i nā clamps universal, no ka mea ma kēia hihia he mea pono e mālama i nā ʻāpana i pili i kekahi i kekahi a kau iā lākou ma kahi mamao kūpono mai ke kiʻi / kino.
I ka wā e kau ai i ka clamp, pono ia e hōʻoia i ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana o kāna hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka hilinaʻi o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā screws - aia wale nō i kēia hihia e ikaika ka pilina, hilinaʻi a paʻa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-05-2023